The world climate is an ideal example of a subject that can be successfully addressed by adopting a System Thinking approach. A system, according to the Merriam Webster dictionary is "a regularly interacting or independent group of items forming a unified whole". System Thinking is a way to describe and understand the causality and interrelations between variables within a system. System Dynamics, complement system thinking by providing a quantitative way to describe a system, based on stocks and flows and reinforcing or balancing feedback loops.
Climate is the average weather of a region , consisting of : temperature, rainfall, air pressure, humidity, cloud cover, wind direction, and wind speed.
The key elements that compose the system that determines all the above parameters are : ocean upper layer , deep ocean, ice, atmosphere, land , Subsurface, biota on land and biota in the oceans
There are a number of cycles in the Earth climate system. The most important ones are

1. The Energy Flow
2. The Carbon cycle
3. The water cycle
   The cycles are themselves interacting to form the whole system and, since we are living in the (still unofficially named) Anthropocene geological era, they are heavily perturbed by human activity.

• 
  Bralower and Bice, “Overview of the Carbon Cycle from a Systems Perspective | EARTH 103: Earth in the Future.”

Oceans

• Absorb heat
  1-2 °C degrees temperature rise over last century  12-16 percent increase in moisture (3% per degree)
  Warmer water fuels hurricanes
• Absorb CO2
• Level rise
• Acidification

Atmosphere

Humidity is growing

Ice

• Glaciers
  “SwissEduc - Glaciers Online - Rhonegletscher.”
• Surface ice : Greenland and antartica
  Melting of all of the ice in these ice sheets would raise global sea level by about 70 meters (actually, Greenland would produce 6 meters and Antarctica about 60 meters).
• Se Ice
  loosing area and thickness. Most dramatic ice loss. not contributing to see level rise

Events

• Fire
• draught
• Heatwaves
• Precipitation
• Hurricanes
• Severe storms
  there are several factors that make it safe to say that large storms will be more common in the future and that they will cause increasing amounts of damage